Great Soviet World Atlas II
RUБольшой советский атлас мира II
USSR · Научно-издательский институт Большого советского атласа мира при Цик СССР · 1939
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This article provides a comprehensive review of national atlases published worldwide up to the time of writing. It notes that since the Geographical Review first coined the term 'Age of National Atlases' in 1940, the surge of nationalism after World War II has greatly accelerated the production and scope of such atlases. The author surveys 26 published national atlases and 3 in preparation. The article first emphasizes that a national atlas aims to portray all aspects of a country—physical, economic, and social—and highlights a welcome trend: the inclusion of map titles, legends, and text summaries in English or French for atlases published in less familiar languages. The review is then organized by region. For Europe, it details atlases from Austria (Atlas von Niederösterreich), Belgium (Atlas de Belgique), France (revised Atlas de France), and Germany (Deutscher Planungsatlas, specifically Atlas von Berlin), among others, discussing their institutional backing, content structure, scales, cartographic techniques, and unique features, such as Berlin's depiction of wartime damage and postwar development, and Belgium's detailed demographic and agricultural maps. Atlases from Czechoslovakia, Denmark, Finland, Italy, and Norway are also mentioned. For Africa, the planned Atlas du Maroc is described. For Oceania, the Atlas of Australian Resources is reviewed, highlighting its origin in post-war resource assessment, its effective use of a large scale, and its focus on water resources and population distribution. For North America, the article reports on the progress of a Canadian national atlas and the initiation of the National Atlas of the United States, a collaborative federal effort to compile standardized thematic maps from various government agencies. The article concludes that these national atlases represent significant achievements in geographic and cartographic scholarship, serving as invaluable resources for students, planners, and businesses.
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This article systematically introduces the Soviet World Atlas, an unprecedentedly large and comprehensive geographical work. The atlas comprises three volumes: the first covers world and Soviet Union general maps, the second details Soviet republics, and the third covers global regions. The article outlines the contents of each volume, spanning physical, economic, and historical geography. It highlights four key features: reflecting the superiority of the socialist system, exposing the decadence of capitalism, applying a historical perspective, and emphasizing regional characteristics, alongside innovations in cartographic methods such as unified hypsometric layering and combined industrial representation. The compilation process is also examined, crediting Lenin's directives, state resolutions, and collective scientific effort for its success. The article aims to introduce this epoch-making atlas to Chinese readers and draw lessons from its advanced practices.
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