The atlas of Australian resources

Summary

This article provides a detailed account of the background, objectives, content, and methodology of the Atlas of Australian Resources. It begins by emphasizing the importance of thematic maps in describing and interpreting the features of the earth's surface and human activities, and traces the evolution of cartography from its origins with ancient geographers to its modern role as a branch of surveying. The author points out that thematic (or subject) maps are a vital field of geography, requiring scientific compilation and thoughtful design. After World War I, the production of resources atlases gained momentum in Europe and spread globally, becoming essential tools for national planning and development. The Atlas of Australian Resources project was initiated in 1948 by the Director of Regional Development in the Department of Post-War Reconstruction, aiming to integrate research from Commonwealth and State authorities into a coordinated set of maps on a uniform scale. The article details the compilation principles, including topic selection, symbol design, color usage, and cartographic techniques. For instance, mineral maps use symbols of varying shapes and fills to indicate importance, climate maps employ a circular layout to show monthly rainfall and temperature patterns, soil maps use color zones to reflect soil types and fertility, and underground water maps use colors and shading to distinguish aquifers and salinity. The article also highlights the collaboration between federal and state governments and research institutions, as well as innovations in materials (e.g., Astralon plastic sheets) and printing technology. Ultimately, the atlas aims to serve as a 'window' to Australia's development, providing knowledge for Australians and showcasing the nation's progress to the world.