Atlas Nacional de Cuba : LX aniversario
Cuba · · 2019
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The national atlas of Cuba ‘LX anniversary’. Toward a living atlas
Basulto, José Miguel Marrero; Machín, Jorge A. Luis; Alvarez, Orlando Novúa; Hernández, Silvio V. Rodríguez; Pérez, Saylí Tur · 2020
This scientific note describes the development of the National Atlas of Cuba “LX Anniversary,” a digital geographic‑cartographic work designed as a “living atlas.” Led by the Institute of Tropical Geography (IGT) in collaboration with Geocuba I.C., CITMATEL, the University of Havana, and numerous other national entities, the atlas is the first of its kind produced entirely by Cuban institutions and specialists. Building on the heritage of the 1970, 1979, and 1989 atlases, the new atlas is structured into six thematic sections (General and Reference Maps, Nature, Population, Economy, Strategic Topics, and History). The project follows a six‑stage methodology: organizational design; creation of digital map prototypes using GIS (EPSG 4326); conversion of maps to HTML format via TileMill and Leaflet; assembly of the multimedia product; development of a web geoportal; and development of a mobile application (APK). Version 1.0 of the multimedia was released in 2019, containing 230 maps together with thematic texts, photographs, tables, and graphs. Version 1.1, currently being finalized, expands content and interactivity. The final platform will provide online services and mobile access, enabling systematic, rapid, and economical updates. The atlas synthesizes scientific results from national and international projects and serves as a tool for territorial planning, environmental management, education, and decision‑making. This initiative marks a pivotal shift in Cuban cartography from printed atlases to a dynamic, continuously updated digital framework, fostering accessibility and institutional integration.
Los mapas de Paisajes del Atlas Nacional de Cuba LX Aniversario
José Manuel Mateo Rodriguez; Maira Celeiro Chaple; Pedro Acevedo Rodríguez; Dayniel Hernández Mestre; Alejandro Veranes Miranda · 2020
This paper explains the fundamental ideas behind the compilation of three maps in the "Landscape" section of the National Atlas of Cuba (Commemorative Edition for the 60th Anniversary of the Revolution, published in 2019). All three maps are at a scale of 1:1,000,000: the anthropogenic natural landscape map, the cultural landscape map, and the geographical regionalization map. Rather than separately characterizing natural, economic, social, and cultural elements, the authors emphasize their systematic interconnections within spatial patterns, as well as the individuality and uniqueness expressed through these patterns. The conceptual framework treats landscape as a conceptual system, adopting Carl Sauer's 1925 dichotomy of natural landscape/cultural landscape: culture is the agent, the natural area is the medium, and the cultural landscape is the result. The natural landscape is a whole composed of interconnected natural elements arranged in hierarchical spatial forms; the anthropogenic natural landscape results from the direct or indirect, conscious modification of natural structures and functions by humans; and the cultural landscape is the sensory, emotional, symbolic, and material image of a territory, encompassing visual landscape, perceived landscape, and valued landscape. Thus, landscape is a concrete manifestation of the Earth system, the human ecosystem, and geographic space, and also reflects residents' cognition and evaluation of their environment. The map compilation is based on the detailed description and cartographic representation of Cuba's regional and micro-regional landscape structures in the unpublished manuscript "Geographic Regions and Landscapes of Cuba." Located in the Caribbean and Central America, Cuba serves as a natural observatory for regional analysis, with its landscapes retaining traces of natural and historical change; under colonial, neocolonial, and nation-state projects, sugarcane plantations sought to promote spatial homogenization, and today Cuba faces the challenge of reconstructing regional and local identities. The geographical regionalization divides Cuba into 19 types of geographic regions, ranging from submarine platform plains and karstic swamp plains to carbonate, serpentinite, metamorphic, and volcanic mountain terrains, with an accompanying table listing numerous regional and local units. The authors conclude that the perception, understanding, and awareness of the landscapes and regions in which residents live should strengthen the connection between people and space, landscape, environment, and territory; culture, as a weapon for the rationale of human existence, can only be consolidated when people continually expand their knowledge and perception of their living space. Therefore, these landscape maps not only enhance understanding of Cuban geography but also contribute to the construction of regional and local identities, providing support for the cultural foundation of territorial management.
Atlas Nacional LX Aniversario: primero en formato digital y genuinamente cubano
Orfilio Peláez · 2019
This article reports the release of the new National Atlas of Cuba marking the 60th anniversary of the Revolution. Completed by over 300 specialists from 65 institutions over five years, it is Cuba's first digital multimedia atlas made entirely by Cuban experts. Its six sections cover nature, economy, society, history, and include first-time topics such as rock art, as well as detailed coverage of climate change, protected areas, and biodiversity. Advanced GIS and big-data technologies enable continuous updates. The article also mentions a statement by Cuban intellectuals in December 1959 expressing support for the Revolution and joining the militias.
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